Correct use of drip trickle irrigation and fertilization can prevent drip trickle irrigation from clogging. Here we will focus on drip trickle irrigation and fertilization to achieve the goal of not clogging drippers, saving fertilizer, high quality and high yield.
Drip irrigation generally requires the use of fertilizers with good solubility, and the national standards for water-soluble fertilizers require that water-insoluble matter generally be ≤ 0.5%. Water-soluble fertilizers commonly used in production can be divided into macroelement water-soluble fertilizers, medium-element water-soluble fertilizers, trace element fertilizers and functional fertilizers according to fertilizer components.
Among them, water-soluble fertilizers with a large number of elements are mainly one or more of the three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Among them, nitrogen fertilizers can be urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, amino acids, etc.; Potassium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, monoammonium phosphate or industrial diammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid and some metaphosphates and polyphosphates, etc.; potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, etc. are generally used as raw materials for potash fertilizers; medium element fertilizers refer to calcium, magnesium, sulfur, commonly used calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, etc.; trace elements are iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel, etc., boric acid is commonly used for boron, ammonium molybdate is used for molybdenum, other trace elements are generally metal chelates are used; functional water-soluble fertilizers refer to adding functional substances to fertilizers, such as water-soluble fertilizers containing humic acid, water-soluble fertilizers containing sugar alcohols, water-soluble fertilizers containing alginic acid, water-soluble fertilizers containing amino acids, etc.
When these fertilizers are applied, pay attention to the reasonable compounding to avoid mutual reaction and precipitation. For example, calcium nitrate cannot be mixed with magnesium sulfate and potassium sulfate, and phosphate should not be mixed with calcium salt as much as possible.
The fertilizer should be diluted twice during drip trickle irrigation, that is, it should be diluted to a certain concentration of fertilizer solution, and then poured into the fertilizer applicator for drip trickle irrigation as required. The appropriate dilution factor for dripping into the field should be 1:1000. If the concentration is too high, it will cause burnt seedlings. If the concentration is too low, fertilization will be slow and leakage will occur, resulting in waste and pollution.
If the fertilizer applicator is a multi-channel fertilizer applicator, even the two kinds of fertilizers that react can be injected into the fertilizer applicator at the same time and mixed into the soil at a very low concentration, thereby increasing the fertilization efficiency. For example, the calcium nitrate and potassium sulfate fertilizers in the two buckets can be injected into the two channels of the fertilizer applicator at the same time to fertilize at a ratio of 1:1000 or less. General field fertilization is rarely used.
Do not mix water-soluble fertilizers with unknown internal composition on the market. After dripping one type of fertilizer, add another type of fertilizer for drip trickle irrigation, so as not to react to reduce fertilizer efficiency and block the irrigation system. After dripping the fertilizer, continue to drip clean water to rinse the residual fertilizer solution in the system to avoid precipitation and cause algae to grow and block the dripper.
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