The need for intelligent irrigation by using an irrigation fertilizer system is becoming more robust. What problems should we pay attention to when using fertilizer in drip irrigation?
The drip fertigation technology is one of the important applications of intelligent irrigation by using an irrigation fertilizer system. Drip irrigation facilities are used to send nutrients and water needed by crops to the root of crops for local irrigation, which can regulate water and fertilizer and meet the needs of crop growth. The drip fertigation can save water and fertilizer, so do you know which fertilizer can be used in the drip irrigation? What are the matters needing attention in the drip fertigation?
Any fertilizer that is soluble in water (with less than 0.5% of insoluble impurities) can be applied through the drip irrigation system. Water-soluble compound fertilizer is ideal for liquid fertilizer through drip irrigation, offering quick absorption, rich nutrients, superior solubility, and high nutrient concentration. Part of organic manures, such as chicken manure, and pig manure should first be retted in water and the filter liquid can be used.
The drip irrigation system is a kind of liquid pressure water delivery system, which obviously can not directly use solid organic fertilizer. However, we can use the biogas slurry obtained after the precipitation and filtration of the organic fertilizer. Chicken manure and pig manure are retted and then filtered for use. Adopting a three-stage irrigation filtration system, first filter the manure with the 20 mesh stainless steel mesh, then with the 80 mesh stainless steel mesh, and then with a 120 mesh disc filter. Applying liquid organic fertilizer through the drip irrigation system not only overcomes the disadvantages that may be caused by simply applying chemical fertilizer but also saves labor and trouble. What's more, it can be fertilized evenly with a remarkable fertilizer effect.
Different fertigation methods can be used according to the arrangement of the drip irrigation system. The commonly used methods include gravity self-pressure fertigation method, pump suction fertigation method, pump fertigation method, bypass pot fertigation method, venturi fertigation method, proportional fertigation method, and so on. It is necessary to consult a professional or refer to more detailed information in terms of choosing the specific method of fertigation.
One of the problems is excessive irrigation, which deserves our special attention. Many users always feel insecure if the amount of irrigation is small and as a result, prolongs the irrigation time. One consequence of prolonged irrigation is the waste of water. Another consequence is the leaching of nutrients that are not absorbed by the soil below the root layer and the waste of fertilizer. Especially the leaching of nitrogen. Usually, the water-soluble compound fertilizer contains urea and nitrate-nitrogen, and these two nitrogen sources are easy to wash off. Over-irrigation often results in the syndromes of nitrogen deficiency such as yellowing of leaves and stunted plant growth.
The second is the problem of pipe washing after fertigation. In general, water drips first, and fertigation begins after the pipe is filled with water. In principle, the longer the fertigation time, the better. After the end of fertigation, continue to drip water for half an hour to discharge all the residual fertilizer liquid in the pipe. Many users do not wash the pipe after drip fertigation, and algae and microorganisms grow at the emitter, leading to the emitter blockage. Accurate drip time can be monitored with a conductivity meter.
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